Tag: Scientists

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Scientists have found a star near us that turns into an Earth-sized diamond – The same will happen to SamaGame and 97% of the stars in the Milky Way


A star located more than 100 light-years from Earth is slowly but inexorably turning into a diamond. Scientists from the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States and Australia break the news.

this is what we know

The white dwarf is 104 light years from our planet. The star is believed to have existed for 4.2 billion years, but astronomers cannot establish its exact age because the core is in the process of crystallizing.

A star loses its outer shell during its transformation into a white dwarf. Its mass decreases, and when it runs out of fuel, the star can become a black hole. During the crystallization process, the temperature drops due to the lack of additional energy sources.

Astronomers speculate that such stars will eventually become diamond-shaped black dwarfs. It is believed that the process will take more than 13.8 billion years, so it is likely that objects of this type do not yet exist in the Universe. But this is the fate of almost all the stars in the Milky Way, including our Sun.

Scientists discover rocky vapors in the ultra-hot Jupiter near us, famous for raining metal

There are planets in our Universe that are classified as ultrahot Jupiters. We can assume that this is due to its enormous size and its high temperatures. One of these planets is called WASP-76 and has once again attracted the attention of scientists.

this is what we know

WASP-76b is a planet in the constellation Pisces. It is located about 634 light years from Earth, a tiny distance by cosmic standards, and is distinguished by the presence of metallic showers. They occur because the planet’s temperature reaches 2,400 degrees Celsius, which causes metals to first evaporate and then spill onto the surface.

WASP-76b scientists have discovered several of the chemical elements that make up the rocks. Among them, iron, magnesium, manganese, barium, calcium, chromium and vanadium. In addition, its content corresponds to that of these elements both in the local star and in SamaGame.

Furthermore, astronomers believe that WASP-76b previously engulfed a Mercury-like planet in our star system. Such conclusions have been fueled by an excess of nickel.

As we wrote earlier, WASP-76b is located 634 light-years from Earth. The high temperature is due to the fact that the planet is 12 times closer to its star than Mercury is to SamaGame. Its orbital period is less than 48 Earth hours.

Due to its proximity to its star, the planet is swollen. For this reason, it is about twice the diameter of Jupiter and, at any given time, six times its volume. However, the gas giant of the solar system is more than 15% more massive than WASP-76b.

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What is happiness, according to famous scientists such as Sagan, Tesla, Einstein or Hawking


Happiness. Although it is a complex and multifaceted concept, scientific research has explored different aspects and determinants of happiness. According to the doctor in psychology Sonja Lyubomirsky points out that happiness can be defined as “a subjective state of general well-being and satisfaction with life, which implies positive emotions and a positive evaluation of the circumstances and the meaning of life”.

What is happiness, according to famous scientists such as Tesla, Einstein or HawkingMidjourney/Sarah Romero

Happiness can be understood through three main components: a) positive emotions: experiences of joy, gratitude, serenity and enthusiasm; b) Satisfaction with life: global and subjective cognitive evaluation of life in terms of goal fulfillment, meaning and purpose and c) psychological well-being: which includes aspects such as self-acceptance, autonomy, positive relationships and personal growth.

Today we delve into this important word in the lives of humans and we remember what happiness is for famous scientists throughout history.

“What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of difference you want to make.” – Jane Goodall, ethologist

“Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be understood. Now is the time to understand more so we can fear less.” – Marie Curiechemistry and physics

“To me I am just a child playing on the beach, while vast oceans of truth lie undiscovered before me.” – Isaac Newton, physicist, theologian, mathematician and inventor

“Happiness is found in the calm contemplation of nature and the deep understanding of the secrets that it reveals.” – Albert Einsteinphysical

“Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Be curious, and as hard as life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed.” – Stephen Hawkingphysicist, astrophysicist and science popularizer

“The first principle is that you should not fool yourself, and you are the easiest person to fool. Happiness is the pleasure you get from understanding and creating, not from owning.” – Richard Feynmanntheoretical physicist

“For me, it is much better to understand the Universe as it really is than to persist in delusion, however satisfying and reassuring.” – Carl Saganastronomer, astrophysicist, astrobiologist and science popularizer

famous scientistsMidjourney/Sarah Romero

“The gift of mental power comes from God, Divine Being, and if we focus our minds on that truth, we tune in to this great power.” – Nicholas Teslainventor and electrical and mechanical engineer

“The first requirement for happiness is that man be willing to find satisfaction in his own work.” – Sigmund Freudneurologist, father of psychoanalysis

“The problem, which is often not discovered until late age, is that when you look for things in life like love, meaning, motivation, it implies that they are sitting behind a tree or under a rock. The most successful people in life recognize that in life they create their own love, they create their own meaning, they create their own motivation. For me, I am motivated by two main philosophies, I know more about the world today than I did yesterday. And lessen the suffering of others. You’d be surprised how far that takes you.” – Neil deGrasse Tysonastrophysicist and scientific popularizer

“A table, a chair, a fruit bowl and a violin; What else does a man need to be happy? – Albert Einsteinphysical

“You cannot aspire to build a better world without improving individuals. To that end, each of us must work for his own betterment.” – Marie Curiee, Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911

“True happiness is looking at the fossil remains and realizing that we are part of an immense line of life that extends through millions of years.” – Robert T. Bakerpaleontologist

Reference:

  • Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005). The Benefits of Frequent Positive Affect: Does Happiness Lead to Success? Psychological Bulletin, 131(6), 803–855.
  • Dictionary of scientific appointments: the harvest of a serene look. Alan Mackay. CSIC. ISBN 9788479600242
  • Lyubomirsky, S. (2007). The How of Happiness: A Scientific Approach to Getting the Life You Want. New York: Penguin Press.
  • Diener, E., Suh, EM, Lucas, RE, & Smith, HL (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125(2), 276-302.

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Scientists have developed biochips that imitate the human retina almost 100%


Bioelectronics has been seriously developing in recent years, because it is difficult to overestimate its role in correcting dysfunctions of the human body and brain. And a new development by an international group of scientists testifies to this progress. Researchers have created innovative biochips that mimic the functioning of the human retina. This product was created thanks to the joint efforts of specialists from the Forschungszentrum Jülich, the RVTG of Aachen University, the Italian Institute of Technology and the University of Naples. The discovery was published in the authoritative scientific journal Nature Communications.

Journalists note that the development of such a biochip is one of the first steps towards the “reality of cyborgs,” the concept of which has long ceased to be just an element of science fiction. People have long been fitted with pacemakers to treat arrhythmias, cochlear implants to improve hearing, and retinal implants to help the visually impaired regain at least some of their vision.

The new biochip, developed by a group of scientists led by Francesca Santoro, is a complex of conducting polymers and light-sensitive molecules. These elements together mimic the functioning of the human retina, including the visual pathways. Experts emphasize that such products make it possible to foresee an even closer fusion of man and machine in the near future.

Francesca Santoro, professor of neuroelectronic interfaces at RVTG Aachen University and visiting researcher at the Italian Institute of Technology, spoke to reporters about the properties of the developed organic semiconductor. In particular, it is able to determine the amount of light falling on it, similar to the processes occurring in the human eye. The sensitivity to light of individual photoreceptors allows the formation of a corresponding image in the brain.

Scientists say that the key feature of the developed biochip is its 100% organic composition without any toxic components. In addition, the product is extremely flexible and operates on the basis of ions (charged atoms or molecules). This approach ensures natural integration of the biochip into any biological systems.

Unlike conventional, hard silicon semiconductors, which work with electrons, Francesca Santoro’s team’s organic semiconductor shows compatibility with the ionic processes found in human cells (cells use ions to control certain processes and exchange information).

The journal Nature Communications notes that the development is only an important “proof of concept” for now. However, scientists already see the potential for using the biochip in practice, for example, as an artificial synapse, because irradiation with light changes the conductivity of the polymer used (in the short and long term), which is similar to the functioning of real synapses that transmit electrical signals, thereby changing their size and efficiency. This underlies the brain’s ability to learn and remember. Francesca Santoro also notes that her group’s upcoming experiments will focus on connecting these components to biological systems, as well as connecting large numbers of individual chips together.

In addition to the artificial retina, the team led by Francesca Santoro is also developing other approaches to bioelectronic chips that can interact with the human body, for example, with cells of the nervous system. Scientists are striving not only to recreate the three-dimensional structure of human nerve cells, but also their functionality, especially in terms of processing and storing information.

Various types of biochips, as indicated in the Nature Communications publication, can be used to study real neurons, including for qualitative studies of cellular information exchange. In addition, Francesco Santoro’s group is confident that the developed components will be actively used to interfere with cell information transmission pathways in order to correct errors that occur in neurodegenerative diseases, for example, Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease. They can also serve to support the functioning of human organs, which for some reason cannot work as usual.

It is emphasized that the developed components have the potential to act as an interface between artificial limbs or joints. This opens up new horizons in the field of prosthetics and rehabilitation, making the restoration of lost body functions more effective and natural. In addition, the chip has unique properties that make it an optimal solution for use in artificial neural network equipment. This can significantly improve the performance of computer technology. Francesco Santoro emphasizes that biochips open the way to the creation of computer technologies capable of simulating the functioning of the brain at various levels.